Novel roles for insulin receptor (IR) in adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells via new and unexpected substrates
ORCID
Latha Ramalingam: 0000-0002-4856-7327
Document Type
Article
Date
8-2013
Keywords
Insulin receptor, Skeletal muscle, Adipose tissue, Insulin signaling, Insulin receptor substrate, Metabolism, Mitogenesis, Longevity
Disciplines
Nutrition
Description/Abstract
The insulin signaling pathway regulates whole-body glucose homeostasis by transducing extracellular signals from the insulin receptor (IR) to downstream intracellular targets, thus coordinating a multitude of biological functions. Dysregulation of IR or its signal transduction is associated with insulin resistance, which may culminate in type 2 diabetes. Following initial stimulation of IR, insulin signaling diverges into different pathways, activating multiple substrates that have roles in various metabolic and cellular processes. The integration of multiple pathways arising from IR activation continues to expand as new IR substrates are identified and characterized. Accordingly, our review will focus on roles for IR substrates as they pertain to three primary areas: metabolism/glucose uptake, mitogenesis/growth, and aging/longevity. While IR functions in a seemingly pleiotropic manner in many cell types, through these three main roles in fat and skeletal muscle cells, IR multi-tasks to regulate whole-body glucose homeostasis to impact healthspan and lifespan.
Recommended Citation
Ramalingam L, Oh E, Thurmond DC. Novel roles for insulin receptor (IR) in adipocytes and skeletal muscle cells via new and unexpected substrates. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2013 Aug;70(16):2815-34. doi: 10.1007/s00018-012-1176-1. Epub 2012 Oct 10. PMID: 23052216; PMCID: PMC3556358.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
