Description/Abstract
Nonstationary panels have been widely used in empirical studies in macroeconomics and finance. This paper considers multiple structural changes in nonstationary heterogeneous panels with common factors. Kapetanios, Pesaran, Yamagata (2011) showed that unobserved nonstationary factors can be proxied by cross-sectional averages of observable data. This means that unobserved error factors can be treated as additional regressors, and different break points in slopes and error factor loadings can be considered as multiple breaks in linear regression models with panel data. We generalize the least squares approach by Bai and Perron (1998) to nonstationary panels and show that the break points in both slopes and error factor loadings can be consistently estimated for two important cases involving i) nonstationary factors and ii) nonstationary regressors. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to verify the main results in finite samples. Finally, we illustrate our methods with an empirical example examining the effect of international R&D spillovers on domestic total factor productivity in OECD countries. A common break in 1992 is detected and attributed to the acceleration of globalization that began in the early 1990s.
Document Type
Working Paper
Date
3-20-2025
Keywords
Nonstationary Panels, Multiple Structural Changes, Heterogeneity, Common Factors, Common Correlated Effects.
Language
English
Series
Working Papers Series
Disciplines
Econometrics | Economic Policy | Economics
ISSN
1525-3066
Recommended Citation
Baltagi, Badi H.; Feng, Qu; and Wang, Wei, "Nonstationary Heterogeneous Panels with Multiple Structural Changes" (2025). Center for Policy Research. 496.
https://surface.syr.edu/cpr/496
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
